Part II. Specific Crimes: Prohibited and Required Conduct
Offenses Against Persons
Part IV. Justified Violations of the Criminal Law
Use of Deadly Defensive Force
Use of Force by Specially Authorized Persons
PART I. SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS
1. SCOPE OF CODE
All crimes are defined in this Code. Other prohibitions, defined by other statutes of this state, are not crimes.
2. DEFINITIONS
The following terms are defined in the following sections:
OFFENSES AGAINST PERSONS
3. INJURY TO A PERSON
You may not cause bodily injury or death to another person.
4. CONSENT DEFENSE TO MINOR INJURY
You may engage in conduct that causes or risks minor bodily injury IF the victim requests or voluntarily consents to such conduct, as in participation in a sporting event, for example.
5. CONSENT DEFINED
"Consent," as used in this Code, means voluntary agreement by a person who understands the nature and consequences of what he or she is agreeing to. Silence is not consent, unless such silence is understood to be consent by prior agreement among the persons involved.
6. ASSISTING ANOTHER'S SUICIDE
You may not assist another's suicide, UNLESS the other:
(a) has a terminal illness, AND
(b) voluntarily requests the assistance.
7. CRIMINAL HARASSMENT
You may not repeatedly follow or contact another in a way that causes the other emotional harm or the fear of physical harm.
8. VIOLATION OF PRIVACY
You may not violate another's legitimate expectation of privacy without the other's consent.
9. CRIMINAL THREAT OF COMMITTING A CRIME
You may not gain an advantage from another by threatening to commit a crime.
10. CRIMINAL THREAT OF EXPOSURE
You may not gain an advantage from another by threatening to:
(a) accuse anyone of a crime, OR
(b) accuse anyone of serious misconduct, OR
(c) expose a secret,
UNLESS you are trying to avoid a danger, right a wrong, or receive restitution for the crime or misconduct.
11. CRIMINAL THREAT OF OFFICIAL ACTION
You may not gain an advantage from another by threatening to improperly cause or prevent official action.
12. CRIMINAL RESTRAINT
You may not remove, restrain, or confine another without the other's consent.
13. WELFARE OF CHILD
You may not endanger the physical or emotional well-being of a child.
14. CRIMINAL SEXUAL CONTACT
You may not have sexual contact with another person:
(a) without that person's consent, OR
(b) who is under the age of eleven (11), OR
(c) who is under the age of sixteen (16) if you are four or more years
older than that person, OR
(d) who is in your custodial care, OR
(e) who is receiving mental health treatment from you.
15. SEXUAL CONTACT DEFINED
"Sexual contact," as used in this Code, includes any of the following
three types of contact:
(a) contact with another's intimate parts, using a body part, directly
or through clothing, AND
(b) contact with another, using an intimate part, AND
(c) any form of sexual intercourse, using a body part or object.
16. INTIMATE PARTS DEFINED
"Intimate parts," as used in this Code, are the buttock, anus, groin, scrotum, penis, vagina, pubic mound, or female breast.
17. INDECENT EXPOSURE
You may not expose your intimate parts in a public place, EXCEPT that if you are a female you may expose your breast as needed to breast-feed a child.
18. PUBLIC PLACE DEFINED
"Public place," as used in this Code, is any area, facility, vehicle, vessel, train, or aircraft to which persons generally have unrestricted access or to which access is restricted to customers and employees.
19. ABORTION
You may not terminate a pregnancy after 26 weeks, UNLESS one of the
three following conditions applies:
(a) the failure to terminate would result in substantial and unjustified
danger to the life or health of the mother, OR
(b) the fetus would be born with a serious physical or mental defect,
OR
(c) the pregnancy is the result of rape or incest.
OFFENSES AGAINST THE FAMILY
20. BIGAMY
You may not marry another person if either of you is already married to someone else who is alive.
21. INTERFERENCE WITH CUSTODY
You may not interfere with another's legal custody of a child.
22. DUTY TO PROVIDE SUPPORT
You must provide financial support to any present or former spouse or family member or dependent when the support is required by law or by a judgment of a court.
23. INCEST
You may not marry or have sexual intercourse or sexual contact with a family member. A family member is a parent by blood or adoption, step-parent, child, step-child, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, nephew, niece, grandparent, or grandchild.
OFFENSES AGAINST PROPERTY
24. DAMAGE TO OR THEFT OF PROPERTY
You may not damage, take, use, dispose of, or transfer another's property without the other's consent. Property is anything of value, including services offered for payment and access to recorded information.
25. CRIMINAL TRESPASS
You may not enter or remain in another's building without consent or enter or remain upon another's land if "no trespassing" signs are posted or if you are told that such entrance is forbidden.
26. DUTY TO PREVENT CATASTROPHE
You must make reasonable efforts to prevent or reduce potentially widespread
injury or damage from explosion, fire, flood, avalanche, collapse of building,
release of other harmful or destructive force or substance, or any other
means, if you:
(a) have an official, contractual, or other legal duty to prevent the
injury or damage, OR
(b) have contributed to creating the danger.
27. FAILURE TO RETURN LOST OR MISTAKENLY DELIVERED PROPERTY
You may not keep lost or mistakenly delivered property, UNLESS you make a reasonable effort to find its owner and return the property.
28. FORGERY, BAD CHECKS, AND FRAUDULENT PRACTICES
You may not injure another person by providing misleading or false information or documents.
OFFENSES AGAINST PUBLIC ORDER OR DECENCY
29. DESTRUCTION OR DAMAGE OF CERTAIN OBJECTS
You may not damage, destroy, or deface any public monument or structure, or any object or place commonly worshipped.
30. DISORDERLY CONDUCT
You may not provoke unlawful behavior or a disruption of order in a public place or in a gathering of persons by excessively loud, offensive, or threatening behavior.
31. INDECENT BEHAVIOR
You may not commit a lewd and indecent act in a public place that would cause affront or alarm.
32. CREATING A PUBLIC ALARM OR PANIC
You may not cause false alarm or panic among a gathering of persons or among persons in a public place.
33. OBSTRUCTING A PUBLIC PASSAGE
You may not obstruct a public passage.
34. PROSTITUTION
You may not engage in, support, or profit from any sexual act that is offered for sale.
35. SEXUAL ACT DEFINED
"Sexual act," as used in this Code, includes any of the following acts:
(a) vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse or penetration, OR
(b) direct genital stimulation.
36. OBSCENITY
You may not produce, possess, or exchange written or recorded material
that contains a visual record of any of the following:
(a) an actual sexual act involving a person under the age of sixteen
(16), OR
(b) actual sexual contact between a person of any age and an animal,
OR
(c) actual mutilation, torture, rape, or death of a human being that
is performed for such recording.
37. CRIMINAL POSSESSION
You may not possess:
(a) a weapon without proper authority or license, if such is required
by law, OR
(b) a controlled substance or drug paraphernalia without proper authority
or prescription, OR
(c) stolen property.
38. CRUELTY TO ANIMALS
You may not cause unnecessary suffering, injury, or death to any animal, UNLESS the conduct is specifically authorized by law.
39. ABUSE OF CORPSE
You may not mutilate, destroy, or mistreat a human corpse, UNLESS the conduct is specifically authorized by law.
OFFENSES AGAINST GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION
40. OBSTRUCTION OF LAW
You may not obstruct or resist an arrest, obstruct the apprehension or prosecution of a suspected criminal, or obstruct the performance of a public duty.
41. AVOIDING LAWFUL DETENTION
You may not escape from lawful detention, or fail to return to lawful detention from authorized release.
42. FAILURE TO APPEAR
You may not fail to appear in court when required to do so.
43. ABUSE OF NON-PUBLIC INFORMATION BY PUBLIC OFFICIAL
If you are a public official, you may not speculate or wager upon, gain an economic benefit from, or cause another to gain an economic benefit from, information not available to the public gained in your capacity as a public official.
44. PROVIDING FALSE INFORMATION
You may not lie under oath or give false information to a law enforcement officer, firefighter, or other public servant performing his or her public duty.
45. BRIBERY AND CRIMINAL COMPENSATION
You may not offer or accept any benefit either to influence the future action of or in return for past action by a public official or servant, a party official, or a voter, UNLESS such benefit is a legal fee or salary for such action.
46. GOVERNMENTAL OPPRESSION
If you are a public official, you may not violate another's personal, property, or other civil rights.
47. TAMPERING WITH RECORDS
You may not tamper with a public document.
48. IMPERSONATING A PUBLIC OFFICIAL
You may not impersonate a public official.
PART III. GENERAL PROHIBITIONS
49. ATTEMPTING COMMISSION OF A CRIME
You may not attempt to commit a crime.
50. ACTING WITH ANOTHER TOWARD COMMISSION OF A CRIME (COMPLICITY, CONSPIRACY, AND SOLICITATION)
You may not agree with, ask, assist, or encourage another to commit a crime.
51. CREATING A PROHIBITED RISK
You may not act in a way that creates a substantial and unjustified
risk of causing a result made criminal by this Code, EXCEPT that conduct
creating a risk that would otherwise be a crime is not a crime if it is:
(a) commonly engaged in, AND
(b) generally thought by the community at large to be lawful.
PART IV. JUSTIFIED VIOLATIONS OF THE CRIMINAL LAW
USE OF DEADLY DEFENSIVE FORCE
52. USE OF DEADLY DEFENSIVE FORCE
You may use deadly force against another who is threatening you if and only if it is necessary to defend against the other's use or threatened use of unlawful force likely to cause serious bodily injury or death.
53. DEADLY FORCE DEFINED
"Deadly force," as used in this Code, is force that creates a substantial risk of causing the death of another person. The firing of a firearm is deadly force.
54. UNLAWFUL FORCE DEFINED
"Unlawful force," as used in this Code, is force that would be criminal and unjustified under this Code.
USE OF NON-DEADLY FORCE BY THE GENERAL PUBLIC
55. USE OF FORCE IN SELF-DEFENSE OR DEFENSE OF ANOTHER
You may use reasonable force against another if it is immediately necessary to defend against the other's use or threatened use of unlawful force.
56. DEFENSE OF PROPERTY
You may use reasonable force against a person who is unlawfully threatening property or who has just unlawfully taken property, if such force is immediately necessary to defend or take back the property.
57. USE OF FORCE TO PREVENT COMMISSION OF A CRIME
You may use reasonable force, including confinement, against another, if it is necessary to prevent the other from acting in a way that is defined as criminal and unjustified by this Code.
58. USE OF FORCE TO ASSIST LAW ENFORCEMENT
You may use reasonable force against another if it is necessary to assist a law enforcement officer in making an arrest or preventing an escape.
59. USE OF FORCE TO PREVENT SUICIDE
You may use reasonable force against another if it is necessary to prevent the other's suicide.
60. USE OF FORCE TO PASS A WRONGFUL OBSTRUCTOR
You may use reasonable force against another if it is necessary to pass the person who is unlawfully obstructing a public passage.
USE OF FORCE BY SPECIALLY AUTHORIZED PERSONS
61. USE OF FORCE BY LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER
If you are a law enforcement officer, you may use reasonable force against
another to make an arrest or prevent an escape. You may use deadly force
if and only if:
(a) the force used creates no risk of serious bodily injury to innocent
persons, AND
(b) it is likely that the other person will cause serious bodily injury
if such force is not used.
62. USE OF FORCE BY PARENT, GUARDIAN, TEACHER, OR CARETAKER
If you are a parent, guardian, teacher, or caretaker, you may use reasonable
force against a minor or incompetent if:
(a) you are legally responsible for the minor or incompetent's care
or supervision, AND
(b) such force is necessary to safeguard the well-being of the minor
or incompetent.
63. USE OF FORCE BY PENAL OFFICER
If you are an official of a jail, prison, or other correctional institution, you may use reasonable force against an inmate if it is immediately necessary to maintain control or order within that institution.
64. USE OF FORCE BY OPERATOR OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION
If you are responsible for the maintenance of safety, control, or order aboard a vehicle, vessel, train, or aircraft, you may use reasonable force if it is necessary to maintain such safety, control, or order.
65. USE OF FORCE BY MEDICAL PERSONNEL
If you are a doctor, a person acting under a doctor's supervision, or
a paramedic, you may use reasonable force if:
(a) such force is necessary to avoid serious bodily injury or death,
AND
(b) no authorized person is available to consent, AND
(c) it is likely that the patient would consent if he or she were able
to.
GENERAL JUSTIFICATIONS
66. PUBLIC DUTY
You may act in a way that would otherwise be a crime if your conduct is necessary to perform a public duty, and reasonable in light of the importance of that duty. This Section does not apply if the situation is addressed by a previous section of this Part of the Code.
67. LESSER EVILS
You may act in a way that would otherwise be a crime if your conduct is necessary to avoid a more serious harm or evil than that caused by your conduct. This Section does not apply if the situation is addressed by a previous section of this Part of the Code.
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