(2) Defenses. Subsection (1) does not require negating a defense (a) by allegation in the indictment, information, or other charge or (b) by proof unless the issue is in the case as a result of evidence sufficient to raise a reasonable doubt on the issue. Unless it is otherwise provided or the context plainly requires otherwise, when a statute outside this Code defining an offense, or a related statute, or a rule or regulation thereunder, contains a provision constituting an exception from criminal liability for conduct which would otherwise be included within the prohibition of the offense, that the defendant came within such exception is a defense.
(3) Affirmative Defenses. Subsection (1) does not apply to any defense which a statute explicitly designates as an "affirmative defense." Defenses so designated must be proved by the defendant by a preponderance of evidence.
(4) Presumptions. When a statute establishes a presumption, it has the following consequences:
(b) in submitting the issue of the existence of the presumed fact to a jury, the court shall charge that, although the evidence as a whole must establish the presumed fact beyond a reasonable doubt, the jury may arrive at that judgment on the basis of the presumption alone, since the law regards the facts giving rise to the presumption as strong evidence of the fact presumed.
(5) Prima Facie Case. When a statute declares that given facts constitute a prima facie case, proof of such facts warrants submission of a case to the jury with the usual instructions on burden of proof and without additional instructions attributing any special probative force to the facts proved.